4111 – Judges

Judges adjudicate civil and criminal cases and administer justice in courts of law. Judges preside over federal and provincial courts.

• Chief justice
• County court judge
• Court of Queen's Bench justice
• District court judge
• Family court judge
• Federal trial court justice
• Provincial court of appeal justice
• Small claims court judge
• Superior court justice
• Supreme Court justice

This group performs some or all of the following duties:

• Preside over courts of law, interpret and enforce rules of procedure and make rulings regarding the admissibility of evidence
• Instruct the jury on laws that are applicable to the case
• Weigh and consider evidence in non-jury trials and decide legal guilt or innocence or degree of liability of the accused or defendant
• Pass sentence on persons convicted in criminal cases and determine damages or other appropriate remedy in civil cases
• Grant divorces and divide assets between spouses
• Determine custody of children between contesting parents and other guardians
• Enforce court orders for access or support
• Supervise other judges and court officers.

Judges may specialize in particular areas of law such as civil, criminal or family law.

• Extensive experience as a lawyer or as a professor of law with continuous membership in the bar association is usually required.
• Membership in good standing with a provincial or territorial law society or bar association is required.
• Judges are appointed by federal or provincial cabinets.
• Those appointed to more senior positions in a court, such as chief justice, usually have experience as judges in that court.

• Administrative tribunal judges (in 0411 Government managers – health and social policy development and program administration)
• Citizenship court judges (in 1227 Court officers and justices of the peace)
• Justices of the Peace (in 1227 Court officers and justices of the peace)

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